United Arab Emirates · Sweet finish

Dubai style chocolate

Thick milk chocolate bars filled with pistachio cream and crisp toasted kunafa pastry

A glossy milk chocolate shell that snaps open onto a thick green layer of pistachio and tahini cream packed with golden, buttery shreds of toasted kunafa pastry, so every bite is creamy, nutty and audibly crunchy.

Dubai style chocolate

Most of the Emirati dishes on these pages are centuries old. This one is barely out of school. In 2021 a small Dubai chocolatier began making thick bars of milk chocolate filled with pistachio cream and crisp shreds of kunafa pastry, inspired by the knafeh one of its founders grew up eating at her mother's table. For three years they were a local secret, made by hand in tiny numbers. Then, in 2024, a few videos of the bars being snapped open on social media did what no advertising budget could, and Dubai chocolate became one of the most copied sweets on earth.

The appeal is in the contrast: a cool, smooth shell, a soft and salty sweet pistachio filling, and the startling crunch of pastry toasted in butter until it shatters. Its fame has since outrun its home city, with copies made in factories half a world away and, in Germany, a court case over whether a bar made elsewhere could be sold under a name suggesting Dubai. A homemade bar, clearly made in your own kitchen, raises no such questions.

Making it is mostly a matter of patience with the chocolate. Temper it properly and you get a shell that shines and snaps like the original; skip that step and it will still taste wonderful, just a little softer and duller, which is a perfectly acceptable compromise on a busy race weekend.

Pistachio cream

Ingredients

Method

  1. Put the pistachios in the food processor and blend for 1 minute, then stop and scrape down the sides with the spatula. Keep blending in 1 minute bursts, scraping each time, for 4 to 6 minutes in all. The nuts will go from crumbs to a damp paste as their oil is released.
  2. Add the powdered sugar, salt and 3 tablespoons of the oil and blend for another 1 to 2 minutes, adding the last tablespoon of oil if it is still very stiff.

Toasted kunafa filling

Ingredients

Method

  1. Pull the kunafa strands apart with your fingers on the cutting board and snip or chop them into short pieces about 1/2 inch (1 cm) long. Short pieces give an even crunch and are easier to spread.
  2. Melt the butter in the frying pan over medium low heat. Add the pastry and stir constantly with the spatula for 6 to 10 minutes, keeping it moving so it colors evenly and does not burn at the edges.
  3. Tip the pastry onto a plate in a thin layer and leave it to cool completely, about 15 minutes.
  4. In the mixing bowl, stir the pistachio cream, tahini and salt together, then fold in the cooled pastry until every strand is coated.

Chocolate shell and assembly

Ingredients

Method

  1. Set aside about a third of the chopped chocolate, 4 oz (115 g). Put the rest in the heatproof bowl over a saucepan of barely simmering water, making sure the bowl does not touch the water. Stir gently until melted, then take it off the heat. Alternatively, microwave it in 20 second bursts, stirring between each.
  2. Add the reserved chopped chocolate and stir slowly and steadily for 4 to 6 minutes until it has melted and the chocolate has cooled. If a few pieces remain unmelted at the right temperature, lift them out.
  3. Spoon chocolate into the moulds or loaf pan and tilt so it coats the bottom and sides, then turn the mould upside down over the bowl and let the excess drip back in. Scrape the rim clean with the bench scraper. Chill for 10 minutes. Keep the remaining chocolate in the bowl, stirring now and then; if it thickens, warm it over the water for a few seconds.
  4. Press the pistachio and kunafa filling into the shells, leaving a gap of about 1/8 inch (3 mm) below the rim. Smooth it level with the offset spatula.
  5. Pour the rest of the chocolate over the filling and spread it to the edges so it meets the shell. Scrape across the top of the mould with the bench scraper for a clean, flat base. Scatter the chopped pistachios on top if using a loaf pan. Chill for 30 to 40 minutes.
  6. Turn the moulds over onto the board and tap or flex them to release the bars. If you used a loaf pan, lift the slab out by the parchment, let it sit for 5 minutes, then cut it into 8 thick pieces with a large knife warmed in hot water and wiped dry.

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