Circuit de Monaco

Street circuit around the harbour of the principality of Monaco

Monaco, a Grand Prix on Borrowed Streets

Each year the harbor roads of La Condamine and Monte Carlo are lent to a street circuit that has raced since the championship's very first season.

The Circuit de Monaco is borrowed rather than built. Each year the everyday streets of La Condamine and Monte Carlo, curled around the principality's harbor, are fenced and lined for racing, a job that takes six weeks to put up and three more to take down, rather longer than the race itself. The idea came from Antony Noghès, president of the Automobile Club de Monaco, and the first race, in 1929, went to William Grover Williams driving a Bugatti.

A lap is a sightseeing tour taken at speed. From the start the cars brake for Sainte Dévote, a right hander named for the small chapel beside it, then climb a gradient of around 12 percent past Massenet to Casino Square, some 44 meters above the lowest point of the course. Down they come through Mirabeau to the Fairmont Hairpin, the slowest corner in Formula 1, taken on full steering lock. Then Portier, the tunnel under the hotel, the Nouvelle Chicane, the swimming pool sweeps beside the Rainier III Nautical Stadium, La Rascasse and, at last, the corner bearing Noghès's name.

Because the circuit follows the town's own streets, it has changed mainly when the town did. The pool section arrived in 1973 on land reclaimed from the bay, the harbor chicane was reshaped into the Nouvelle Chicane in 1986, land reclaimed in 2002 made space for new pit garages first used in 2004, and a slight reprofiling of Tabac in 2015 produced today's length of 3.337 km.

Monaco was on the first championship calendar in 1950, when Juan Manuel Fangio won, and through 2026 it has held 72 rounds. Ayrton Senna won six times, a record, with Graham Hill and Michael Schumacher on five apiece. Lorenzo Bandini died after a crash in the 1967 race. Rain has supplied many of its most memorable days: the 1984 race was halted early on a waterlogged track, and in 1996 Olivier Panis won for Ligier in changeable weather that claimed much of the field. In 2024 Charles Leclerc became the first driver from Monaco to win his home race as a championship round.

Overtaking is so hard that qualifying often decides the result, and some drivers have called the race dull. Still, it remains one leg of motorsport's Triple Crown, and in 2026 Kimi Antonelli added his name to its winners, on streets that would be handed back to the town within weeks.

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